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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:
A Practical Guide

Pathophysiology Hereditary and genetic factors associated with ADHD Hereditary and genetic factors associated with ADHD

Several genes associated with the catecholaminergic system— including the dopamine receptor genes (DRD4 and DRD5), the dopamine transporter gene, and the gene for dopamine beta-hydroxylase, which catalyzes conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine—have been implicated in ADHD.33

Serotonin transport gene polymorphism was associated with behavioral response to methylphenidate in children with ADHD aged 6-12 years (N=157)38

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Neuroimaging studies Structural changes Functional changes Neurotransmitter changes

Hereditary and genetic factors

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References

33. Prince J. Catecholamine dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an update. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;28(3 Suppl 2):S39-S45.
38. Thakur GA, Grizenko N, Sengupta SM, et al. The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene and short term behavioral response to methylphenidate in children with ADHD. BMC Psychiatry. 2010;10:50.

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